′ are recommended for superficial applications, such as in the tear trough, the swelling of the gel could cause a convexity, which is an extremely undesirable outcome.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the categorisation of the procedures listed in the green category?

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For a quality body moisturizer, Dr. Paul recommends this option from Gold Bond. “It is formulated to read more address the specific needs of aging skin, particularly ‘crepey’ texture. This lotion contains a blend of seven moisturizers and three vitamins including vitamin E, which help to hydrate and smooth the skin,” she explains.

′ values (unpublished data). This could pose an issue for clinical applications because if gels with low G

Paul’s top drugstore pick for your pout. “For lip care, I love Vaseline and always recommend it to my patients,” she explains. “It is great for lip protection because it forms a barrier that locks in moisture, effectively healing and preventing dry, chapped lips.”

Botox is typically injected into the muscles to freeze them and soften a persistent frown line on the skin's surface. However, aesthetic doctor Dr Antoni Calmon has created a facial where micro doses of botulinum toxin, mixed with a liquid vitamin, are injected very superficially into the skin for more natural-looking results.

cryotherapy and/or any cryocautery procedure that freezes the skin in order to remove skin lesions such as skin tags, age spots and warts

Developed by the makers of EmFace (a face-firming treatment that went viral last year), “Exion combines radiofrequency with mechanical ultrasound for the very first time,” says aesthetic doctor Dr Sherina Balaratnam.

“Sofwave delivers focused ultrasound energy deep into the dermal layer of the skin,” says plastic surgeon Dr Andreas Androulakakis from The Galen Clinic of the 30-minute treatment. “This energy stimulates the body's conterraneo collagen production, leading to skin tightening and a smoother, firmer complexion.

′ value is the swelling factor: increased gel fluid uptake is usually observed for gels with lower G

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Permanent or dissolvable threads are inserted underneath the skin of the face to tighten it, induce collagen production and define facial contours.

When choosing a suitable product, it is important to consider the site of injection, including which anatomical facial layer. Different areas and layers of the face are subject to different magnitudes, frequencies and type of forces, which need to be considered to achieve the optimal outcome.